R. C. Sproul: Difference between revisions

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-'''Robert Charles Sproul''' ({{IPAc-en|s|p|r|oʊ|l}} {{Respell|SPROHL}}; February 13, 1939 – December 14, 2017) was an American [[Reformed theology|Reformed]] [[theologian]], [[Christian apologist]], and ordained pastor in the [[Presbyterian Church in America]]. He was the founder and chairman of [[Ligonier Ministries]],{{Efn|Ligonier Ministries is named for the Ligonier Valley just outside Pittsburgh, where the ministry started as a study center for college and seminary students, having been inspired by [[L'Abri]].}} and could be heard daily on the ''Renewing Your Mind'' radio broadcast in the United States and internationally. Under Sproul's direction, Ligonier Ministries produced the ''Ligonier Statement on [[Biblical Inerrancy]],'' which would eventually grow into the 1978 [[Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy]]. Along with [[Norman Geisler]], Sproul was one of the chief architects of the statement.<ref>{{Citation | last = Shellnutt | first = Kate | title =Died: R. C. Sproul, Reformed Theologian Who Founded Ligonier Ministries | journal = [[Christianity Today]] | date = December 14, 2017 | url = http://www.christianitytoday.com/news/2017/december/died-r-c-sproul-reformed-theologian-ligonier-ministries-pca.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://renewingyourmind.org/stations|title=Stations - Renewing Your Mind|website=Renewing Your Mind|access-date=December 29, 2017}}</ref> Sproul has been described as "the greatest and most influential proponent of the recovery of Reformed theology in the last century."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-rc-sproul-obituary-20171215-story.html|title=Prominent theologian R.C. Sproul of Sanford dies at 78|last=Comas|first=Martin E.|work=Orlando Sentinel|access-date=December 16, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://albertmohler.com/2017/12/14/bright-burning-light-robert-charles-sproul-february-13-1939-december-14-2017/|title=A Bright and Burning Light: Robert Charles Sproul, February 13, 1939-December 14, 2017|website=albertmohler.com|date=December 14, 2017 |access-date=December 15, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/news/obituaries/2017/12/16/Obituary-Rev-R-C-Sproul-Presbyterian-theologian-founded-Ligonier-Ministries/stories/201712150131|title=Obituary: Rev. R.C. Sproul, Presbyterian theologian, founded Ligonier Ministries|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=December 16, 2017}}</ref>
+'''Robert Charles Sproul''' (February 13, 1939 – December 14, 2017) was an American [[Reformed theology|Reformed]] [[theologian]], [[Christian apologist]], and ordained pastor in the [[Presbyterian Church in America]]. He was the founder and chairman of [[Ligonier Ministries]], and could be heard daily on the ''Renewing Your Mind'' radio broadcast in the United States and internationally. Under Sproul's direction, Ligonier Ministries produced the ''Ligonier Statement on [[Biblical Inerrancy]],'' which would eventually grow into the 1978 [[Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy]]. Along with [[Norman Geisler]], Sproul was one of the chief architects of the statement.<ref>{{Citation | last = Shellnutt | first = Kate | title =Died: R. C. Sproul, Reformed Theologian Who Founded Ligonier Ministries | journal = [[Christianity Today]] | date = December 14, 2017 | url = http://www.christianitytoday.com/news/2017/december/died-r-c-sproul-reformed-theologian-ligonier-ministries-pca.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://renewingyourmind.org/stations|title=Stations - Renewing Your Mind|website=Renewing Your Mind|access-date=December 29, 2017}}</ref> Sproul has been described as "the greatest and most influential proponent of the recovery of Reformed theology in the last century."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-rc-sproul-obituary-20171215-story.html|title=Prominent theologian R.C. Sproul of Sanford dies at 78|last=Comas|first=Martin E.|work=Orlando Sentinel|access-date=December 16, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://albertmohler.com/2017/12/14/bright-burning-light-robert-charles-sproul-february-13-1939-december-14-2017/|title=A Bright and Burning Light: Robert Charles Sproul, February 13, 1939-December 14, 2017|website=albertmohler.com|date=December 14, 2017 |access-date=December 15, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/news/obituaries/2017/12/16/Obituary-Rev-R-C-Sproul-Presbyterian-theologian-founded-Ligonier-Ministries/stories/201712150131|title=Obituary: Rev. R.C. Sproul, Presbyterian theologian, founded Ligonier Ministries|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=December 16, 2017}}</ref>
 == Education and personal life ==
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 One of Sproul's mentors was [[John Gerstner|John H. Gerstner]], being one of his professors at [[Pittsburgh Theological Seminary|Pittsburgh-Xenia Theological Seminary]]. The two of them, along with Arthur Lindsley, another of Gerstner's students, co-authored the book ''Classical Apologetics'' in 1984. Sproul's ministry, Ligonier Ministries, made recordings of Gerstner teaching various courses on theology and the Bible. [[John Frame (theologian)|John M. Frame]] records that Gerstner was Sproul's "main intellectual influence."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Frame |first=John M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pefwrQEACAAJ |title=A History of Western Philosophy and Theology |publisher=[[P&R Publishing]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-62995-084-6 |location=Phillipsburg, NJ |pages=536–537 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721005156/https://books.google.com/books?id=pefwrQEACAAJ |archive-date=July 21, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
-Sproul recalls encountering theological opposition inside a liberal environment{{Efn|With regard to theological liberalism, see the [[fundamentalist–modernist controversy]].}} during his early studies:
+Sproul recalls encountering theological opposition inside a liberal environment during his early studies:
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