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Congregationalism (tradition): Difference between revisions
Congregationalism (tradition) (view source)
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(Created page with "thumb|[[Old Lyme Congregational Church|First Congregational Church of Old Lyme, Connecticut]] '''Congregationalism''' (also '''Congregationalist churches''' or '''Congregational churches''') is a Reformed (Calvinist) tradition of Protestant Christianity in which churches practice congregational government. Each Wiktionary...") |
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== Origins == | == Origins == | ||
The origins of Congregationalism are found in 16th-century [[Puritanism]], a movement that sought to complete the [[English Reformation]] begun with the separation of the [[Church of England]] from the [[Catholic Church]] during the reign of [[Henry VIII]] (1509–47).{{Sfn|Von Rohr|1992|pp=9–10}} During the reign of [[Elizabeth I]] (1558–1603), the Church of England was considered a Reformed or Calvinist church, but it also preserved certain characteristics of medieval Catholicism, such as [[cathedral]]s, [[church choir]]s, a formal [[liturgy]] contained in the ''[[Book of Common Prayer]]'', traditional clerical [[vestment]]s and [[episcopal polity]] (government by [[bishop]]s).{{Sfn|Coffey|Lim|2008|pp=3–4}} | The origins of Congregationalism are found in 16th-century [[Puritanism]], a movement that sought to complete the [[English Reformation]] begun with the separation of the [[Church of England]] from the [[Catholic Church]] during the reign of [[Henry VIII]] (1509–47).{{Sfn|Von Rohr|1992|pp=9–10}} During the reign of [[Elizabeth I]] (1558–1603), the Church of England was considered a Reformed or Calvinist church, but it also preserved certain characteristics of medieval Catholicism, such as [[cathedral]]s, [[church choir]]s, a formal [[liturgy]] contained in the ''[[Book of Common Prayer]]'', traditional clerical [[vestment]]s and [[episcopal polity]] (government by [[bishop]]s).{{Sfn|Coffey|Lim|2008|pp=3–4}} | ||
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=== United States === | === United States === | ||
[[File:South Congregational Church - Hartford, Connecticut.jpg|thumb|South Congregational Church in [[Hartford, Connecticut]]]] | [[File:South Congregational Church - Hartford, Connecticut.jpg|thumb|South Congregational Church in [[Hartford, Connecticut]]]] | ||
In the United States, the Congregational tradition traces its origins mainly to [[Puritan]] settlers of [[colonial New England]]. Congregational churches have had an important role in the political, religious and cultural history of the United States. Their practices concerning church governance influenced the early development of democratic institutions in New England,{{Sfn|Cooper|1999|p=18}} and some of the nation's oldest educational institutions, such as [[Harvard University|Harvard]] and [[Yale University]], were founded to train Congregational clergy.{{Sfn|Youngs|1998|p=8}} In the 21st century, the Congregational tradition is represented by the [[United Church of Christ]], the [[National Association of Congregational Christian Churches]], [[Conservative Congregational Christian Conference]], the [[Evangelical Association of Reformed and Congregational Christian Churches|Evangelical Association]] and many unaffiliated local churches. Some congregations and denominations are [[Conservative Christianity|conservative]] on social issues, (e.g. [[Conservative Congregational Christian Conference|CCCC]]) while others are [[Liberal Christianity|liberal]] (e.g. [[United Church of Christ|UCC]]). | In the United States, the Congregational tradition traces its origins mainly to [[Puritan]] settlers of [[colonial New England]]. Congregational churches have had an important role in the political, religious and cultural history of the United States. Their practices concerning church governance influenced the early development of democratic institutions in New England,{{Sfn|Cooper|1999|p=18}} and some of the nation's oldest educational institutions, such as [[Harvard University|Harvard]] and [[Yale University]], were founded to train Congregational clergy.{{Sfn|Youngs|1998|p=8}} In the 21st century, the Congregational tradition is represented by the [[United Church of Christ]], the [[National Association of Congregational Christian Churches]], [[Conservative Congregational Christian Conference]], the [[Evangelical Association of Reformed and Congregational Christian Churches|Evangelical Association]] and many unaffiliated local churches. Some congregations and denominations are [[Conservative Christianity|conservative]] on social issues, (e.g. [[Conservative Congregational Christian Conference|CCCC]]) while others are [[Liberal Christianity|liberal]] (e.g. [[United Church of Christ|UCC]]). | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Arminianism]] | *[[Arminianism]] | ||
*[[Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches]] | *[[Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches]] | ||
*[[List of Congregational churches]] | *[[List of Congregational churches]] | ||
*[[Continental Reformed church]] | *[[Continental Reformed church]] | ||
*[[Reformed Baptists]] | *[[Reformed Baptist|Reformed Baptists]] | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||